Imashini yogosha ikoreshwa muguhinduranya kwimuka yimuka yitwakuguruka.Hamwe niterambere ryuruganda rukomeza ibyuma, ibyuma bisunika ibyuma hamwe na fagitire zizunguruka hamwe no kuzamura umusaruro wogosha, gukoresha imashini ziguruka bigenda byiyongera.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwimyenda iguruka, ikoreshwa cyane: disiki iguruka, ingoma ebyiri ziguruka, crank rotary na pendulum iguruka.
1. Disiki iguruka
Imyenda nk'iyi iguruka ikoreshwa mumahugurwa mato mato.Yashizwe imbere yigitanda gikonjesha kugirango igabanye hafi kuzunguruka kugirango ububiko buzunguruka bwinjira muburiri bukonje ntabwo burebure;cyangwa yashyizwe imbere yurusyo rurangiza kugirango igabanye igice kugirango izenguruke kugirango irangire.byagenze neza.Igishishwa kiguruka kigizwe na bibiri cyangwa byinshi byerekeranye na disiki isa na disiki, kandi umurongo wa disiki uhwanye n'umuvuduko w'icyuma.Iyo icyogosho kiri mumwanya wambere, ibyuma bitera imbere kumuyoboro winjira ibumoso bwikariso.Iyo ibyuma bikora kumurongo wibendera cyangwa kuyobora urumuri, icyerekezo cyinjira nicyuma cyerekejwe iburyo, kandi ibyuma byinjira hagati ya disiki ebyiri kugirango bogoshe.Nyuma yo kumanura icyuma cyo hepfo, umuyoboro usubiza ibyuma kumwanya wambere wibumoso, nyuma yicyuma cyo hasi cyongeye kuzamuka.Ingaruka zubu bwoko bwikariso iguruka ni uko gutemagura ari ndende, ariko ntigire ingaruka nke kumutwe ukabije mbere yo gutema umutwe cyangwa uburiri bukonje.Kuberako iyi mashini yogosha yizewe mubikorwa, yoroshye muburyo, kandi ifite umuvuduko wo kogosha urenga 10m / s, ikoreshwa cyane mumahugurwa mato mato.
2. Ingofero ebyiri ziguruka
Ingoma ebyirikugurukazikoreshwa cyane mugukata ibyuma nibyuma bigenda.Ihame ryakazi niki gikurikira: Ku ngoma ebyiri zizunguruka, ibyuma bibiri byashyizwe kumurongo.Ikizunguruka kizenguruka kumeza yikizingo gicibwa nicyuma cyombi gihura iyo kinyuze hagati yizingo ebyiri.Umuvuduko wa peripheri wicyuma ugomba kuba munini kuruta umuvuduko wimuka wigice kizunguruka, naho ubundi igice kizunguruka kizunama kumuryango mugihe cyo kogosha.Ingaruka zubwoko nkubu bwo kuguruka ni uko igice kitoroha mugihe cyo kogosha ibice byizengurutse (bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kogosha ibice byoroheje);iyo ukata ibyuma bigari, imbaraga zo kogosha nini.Kubwibyo, iyi shear iguruka ikoreshwa mugukata uduce duto nimpapuro zihuta cyane.
Uburyo bwayo bwo kogosha bugizwe nuburyo bune bwo guhuza, kandi icyuma cyo kogosha kigenda mu ndege igereranijwe mu gice cyogoshesha kandi ni perpendicular ku buso bwikizingo.Kubwibyo, gukata igice cyizengurutse kirasa neza.Uburyo bwo kogoshesha ubwoya buguruka bugizwe nibikoresho bifata ibikoresho, amaboko ya eccentricique hamwe ninkoni ya swing.Igikoresho cyo kuruhuka kiri muburyo bwa lever, impera imwe yacyo igashyirwa kumurongo wa eccentric, naho iyindi ihujwe ninkoni ya swing.Swing fulcrum yinkoni ya swing ifatanye ninkingi.Iyo amaboko ya eccentric (crank) azunguruka, uwifata igikoresho yimuka mubusemuzi, kandi icyuma gishyizwe kumurongo ufite ibikoresho gishobora kuba perpendicular cyangwa hafi ya perpendicular kumurimo.Iyo kogoshesha ibyuma, icyuma gishobora gukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye imbaraga zo kogosha.Ingaruka yiyi shear iguruka nuko imiterere igoye, imiterere yimitwaro iranga uburyo bwo kogosha ikennye, kandi umuvuduko wurugendo rwicyuma ntushobora kwihuta cyane.Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugukata ibyuma byibyuma cyangwa bilet.
4. Amashanyarazi aguruka
Imyenda nkiyi iguruka rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa muri gari ya moshi zinyura mu mahugurwa ahoraho.Icyuma cyogosha kiguruka nacyo kigenda mubisobanuro, kandi ubwiza bwisahani yo gukata nibyiza.Igikoresho cyo hejuru gifata neza gishyizwe kumurongo.Ikadiri ya swing ishyigikiwe kuri eccentricity ya shaft nkuru.Hano hari ibice bibiri bya eccentrics kuri shaft nkuru, naho ubundi byombi bya eccentrics bihujwe no kuruhuka rwibikoresho byo hepfo binyuze mu nkoni ihuza, kandi ikiruhuko cyo hasi gishobora kunyerera muri chute yikintu cya swing.Kubera ko ibice bibiri byimyanya yimyanya itandukanye kuri 180°, iyo urufunguzo nyamukuru ruzunguruka, igikoresho cyo hejuru kiruhuka kimanuka hamwe nikadiri, naho igikoresho cyo hepfo kiruhuka kirazamuka kugirango urangize ibikorwa byo kogosha.Ariko, irashobora kugabanya gusa ububiko buzunguruka.Kugirango ubashe guca ibizunguruka bigenda, birakenewe kugirango ushoboze ikadiri yo kuzunguruka inyuma.Igice cyo hepfo yikizunguruka cyahujwe nu nkoni ya eccentric, kandi uruziga rwa eccentricique rushyirwa kumurongo winyuma.Umurongo winyuma uhujwe nigiti kinini ukoresheje pinion, racks hamwe na disiki ihuza.Iyo uruziga nyamukuru ruzunguruka, ikadiri irashobora kunyeganyezwa inyuma ninyuma nkuruziga nkuru nkikigo binyuze muri syncronizing disiki, rack, pinion hamwe na eccentric ihuza inkoni kumurongo winyuma.Muri iki gihe, abafite ibikoresho bimuka mubisobanuro kugirango bamenye umurimo wo kogosha pendulum iguruka.Uruhare rwimashini yogosha muruganda ruzunguruka ntabwo ari umwanya wingenzi, ariko rufite uruhare runini muburyo bwuzuye no muburyo bwibicuruzwa byarangiye.Ubwoko butandukanye bwo gusya bugomba guhitamo inkweto ziguruka, kugirango umurongo wose wibikorwa ubashe kugera kuntego.ingano n'ukuri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-15-2022