1, Tsafta da ingancin alaka
Tsarki yana nufin lamba, tsari da rarraba abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba a cikin ƙarfe.Idan aka kwatanta da simintin gyare-gyare,na'ura mai ci gabahanyoyin haɗin tsari, lokacin zubowa yana da tsayi, don haka haɗaɗɗun maɓuɓɓuka masu yawa, abun da ke ciki kuma ya fi rikitarwa;hadawa daga kogon ruwa na crystallizer yana yawo da wahala, musamman ma babban saurin zane na ƙananan abubuwan da aka haɗa na billet sun fi wahalar ware.Kasancewar haɗawa yana lalata ci gaba da yawa na matrix karfe.Mafi girma fiye da 50μm manyan inclusions sau da yawa suna tare da fasa, wanda ya haifar da ƙananan lokuta tsarin ci gaba da simintin simintin ya gaza, ƙaddamar da farantin karfe, da lalacewar saman ƙarfe mai birgima, da sauransu, ƙarfe yana da illa sosai.Girman, siffar da rarraba abubuwan da aka haɗa akan ingancin karfe kuma daban-daban, idan abubuwan da aka haɗa su ne ƙananan, mai siffar zobe, rarraba rarraba, tasiri akan ingancin karfe fiye da ƙaddamar da kasancewar ƙasa;lokacin da abubuwan da aka haɗa suna da girma, rarrabawar bazata ce, kodayake adadin ƙananan amma kuma ya fi cutarwa ga ingancin samfur.
Misali: daga zurfin-zana karfe farantin punching crack scrap dubawa gano cewa fasa ne ba a 100 ~ 300μm saba doka CaO-Al2O3 da Al2O3 heterometallic manyan inclusions.
Misali, saboda kasancewar Al2O3 inclusions karkashin fata na ci gaba da simintin simintin gyare-gyare, birgima cikin saman takardar mota tare da lahani na layin baƙar fata, wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin shimfidar shimfidar wuri.
Har ila yau, ana amfani da marufi da farantin tin-plated, ban da buƙatun babban aikin sanyi, girman da adadin abubuwan da aka haɗa kuma suna da buƙatu masu dacewa.Domin kauri na 0.3mm bakin ciki farantin karfe, a cikin 1m2 yankin, da barbashi size na kasa da 50μm inclusions kamata ya zama kasa da 5, domin cimma da yatsa kudi na 0.05% ko žasa, wato, zurfin punching 2000 DI gwangwani. lebur kasa da tagulla 1.Don haka duba yadda yake da mahimmanci don rage adadin abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikici gaba da yin simintin gyare-gyaredon inganta ingancin zane mai zurfi mai zurfi.
Don waya mai kyau mai kyau (kamar 0.01 ~ 0.25mm diamita taya karfe waya) da farantin karfe mai bakin ciki (kamar kauri na farantin tin 0.025mm), girman abubuwan da ke ƙunshe a ciki ya ma fi buƙatu masu tsauri.
Bugu da ƙari, girman da adadin haɗawa akan ingancin ƙarfe da tasirin takamaiman yanki na simintin simintin gyare-gyare.Gabaɗaya slab da billet ɗin tsayin yanki (S) da ƙarar (V) a cikin 0.2 ~ 0.8.Tare da haɓakar farantin bakin ciki da fasaha na tsiri na bakin ciki, S / V har zuwa 10 ~ 50, idan irin wannan inclusions a cikin ƙarfe, farantin bakin ciki da bakin karfe, yana nufin cewa haɗawa kusa da farfajiyar simintin simintin, mafi girma tasiri akan samar da ingancin farantin bakin ciki.Don haka rage abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin karfe shine mafi mahimmanci.
2, Don inganta tsaftar matakan
Inganta tsabtar ƙarfe ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ƙarfe a cikin crystallizer kafin, daga tsari don rage gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ƙarfe, da haɓaka abubuwan da aka haɗa daga karfen da aka cire.Don haka, yakamata a dauki matakan da suka biyo baya.
a, Babu slag daga karfe: Converter kamata toshe slag daga karfe, lantarki tanderu ta amfani da eccentric makera kasa daga karfe, don hana slag cikin karfe ladle ko karfe guga, tanki.
b, Dangane da buƙatun nau'in ƙarfe don zaɓar jiyya mai dacewa don tsabtace ƙarfe mai tsafta, haɓaka ilimin halittar jiki na haɗawa.
C. Ɗauki fasahar zubowa mara iskar oxygen.Bayan gyaran gyaran gyare-gyare, an rage yawan iskar oxygen na ƙarfe mai narkewa zuwa ƙasa da 20 × 10-6;a cikin ladle na karfe → matsakaicin tanki → crystallizer ana amfani dashi don kare zubewa;tanki mai tsaka-tsaki ta amfani da nau'i biyu na wakili mai suturar slag, karfe ya keɓe daga iska don guje wa oxidation na biyu na narkakken karfe.
d.Bada cikakken wasa ga rawar tsaka-tsakin tanki mai tsarkakewa.Yin amfani da busa Ar yana motsawa, inganta haɓakar karfe, kawar da yankin matattu na tanki na tsakiya;ƙara ƙarfin tanki mai tsaka-tsaki da zurfafa zurfin tafkin narke, tsawaita lokacin zama na narkakken ƙarfe a cikin tanki mai tsaka-tsaki, haɓaka iyo na haɗawa, da ƙara tsarkake zuriyar ƙarfe.
f, Ci gaba da simintin gyare-gyaren inji yana amfani da babban refractoriness, narke asarar ƙananan ƙananan, kayan haɓaka mai inganci don rage abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin karfe.
g, Ba da cikakken wasa ga rawar da kristal narkakken karfe purifier da billet ingancin mai kula.Zaɓaɓɓen spout ɗin nutsewa ya kamata ya sami madaidaicin siffar buɗewa da kusurwa, sarrafa motsi na rafin allurar, don haɓaka rarrabuwa na inclusions masu iyo;kuma complemented by mai kyau yi na kariya slag, sha narkar da narkar da iyo inclusions tsarkake narkakkar karfe.Bugu da kari, da crystallizer kuma za a iya ciyar a cikin cored gami waya cimma micro-alloying a cikin crystallizer, wanda ba kawai inganta sha kudi na gami, kuma zai iya daidai sarrafa abun da ke ciki na narkakkar karfe, daidaita da solidification tsarin. inganta ilimin halittar jiki na hadawa, wanda ke da kyau don ingantawa da tsarkakewa da ingancin karfe.
h.Ana amfani da fasahar motsawa ta lantarki don sarrafa motsin rafin allura.Lissafi sun nuna cewa a cikin matsayi na tsaye, fiye da 1mm slag barbashi masu iyo gudun kusan 100 ~ 200cm / s;da allurar gudu zuwa ƙasa gudun 60 ~ 10cm / s;bayyane crystallizer ruwa lokaci rami a cikin allura kwarara kwarara madauri tasiri yankin inclusions iyo yana da wahala;wasu abubuwan da aka haɗa ana iya kama su ta hanyar ƙarfafa dendrite.
A zahiri, a cikin simintin simintin gyare-gyaren da ke ƙasa da 10 ~ 20cm sau da yawa ƙari mafi girma.Shigar da birki na lantarki na iya hana motsi na kwararar allura, haɓaka iyo na haɗawa da haɓaka tsabtar ƙarfe.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-23-2022