1, Kuyera ndi mtundu wa ubale
Chiyero chimatanthawuza chiwerengero, mawonekedwe ndi kugawa kwazinthu zopanda zitsulo muzitsulo.Poyerekeza ndi kuponya kufa,mosalekeza kuponya makinandondomeko limasonyeza, kuthira nthawi yaitali, kotero inclusions osiyanasiyana magwero, zikuchokera ndi zovuta kwambiri;ma inclusions ochokera ku crystallizer liquid phase cavity akuyandama movutikira, makamaka kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa ma billet inclusions ang'onoang'ono ovuta kuwapatula.Kukhalapo kwa inclusions kumawononga kupitiriza ndi kulimba kwa matrix achitsulo.Zokulirapo kuposa 50μm inclusions lalikulu nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi ming'alu, chifukwa nthawi otsika dongosolo la mosalekeza kuponyera billet analephera, mbale delamination, ndi kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba ozizira adagulung'undisa zitsulo, etc., zitsulo ndi zoipa kwambiri.Kukula, mawonekedwe ndi kugawa kwa inclusions pa khalidwe lachitsulo kumasiyananso, ngati ma inclusions ali ang'onoang'ono, ozungulira, ogawanitsa, zotsatira za khalidwe lachitsulo kusiyana ndi ndende ya kukhalapo kochepa;pamene inclusions ndi lalikulu, ndi mwangozi kugawa, ngakhale chiwerengero cha ang'onoang'ono komanso zoipa kwambiri mankhwala khalidwe.
Mwachitsanzo: kuchokera kuzama chitsulo mbale kukhomerera mng'alu kupenda anapeza kuti ming'alu alipo 100 ~ 300μm osasamba CaO-Al2O3 ndi Al2O3 heterometallic lalikulu inclusions.
Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa Al2O3 inclusions pansi pa khungu la mosalekeza kuponyera billet, adagulung'undisa pamwamba pa pepala galimoto ndi wakuda mzere zolakwika, chifukwa mu osauka pamwamba ❖ kuyanika pepala.
Palinso ntchito kulongedza mbale ya malata-yokutidwa, kuwonjezera pa zofunika mkulu ozizira kupanga ntchito, kukula ndi chiwerengero cha inclusions amakhalanso ndi zofunika lolingana.Pakuti makulidwe a 0.3mm woonda zitsulo mbale, m'dera 1m2, tinthu kukula zosakwana 50μm inclusions ayenera kukhala zosakwana 5, kuti tikwaniritse zinyalala mlingo wa 0.05% kapena zochepa, ndiye nkhonya kwambiri 2000 DI zitini, lathyathyathya zosakwana 1 zidutswa.Chifukwa chake onani kufunika kochepetsera kuchuluka kwa ma inclusionsmosalekeza akuponya billetskupititsa patsogolo ubwino wazitsulo zozama kwambiri.
Kwa waya wabwino kwambiri wachitsulo (monga 0.01 ~ 0.25mm m'mimba mwake waya wachitsulo) ndi mbale yachitsulo yopyapyala kwambiri (monga makulidwe a 0.025mm mbale ya malata), kukula kwa ma inclusions omwe ali mmenemo ndi zofunika kwambiri.
Kuonjezera apo, kukula ndi chiwerengero cha inclusions pa khalidwe la zitsulo ndi zotsatira za malo enieni a billet.General slab ndi billet unit kutalika kwa malo (S) ndi voliyumu (V) mu 0.2 ~ 0.8.Ndi chitukuko cha mbale woonda ndi woonda Mzere luso luso, S / V mpaka 10 ~ 50, ngati inclusions chomwecho mu zitsulo, mbale woonda ndi woonda Mzere zitsulo, zikutanthauza kuti inclusions pafupi ndi pamwamba pa kuponyedwa billet, kukulirakulira kukhudza kupanga khalidwe la mbale woonda.Choncho kuchepetsa inclusions mu zitsulo n'kofunika kwambiri.
2, Kupititsa patsogolo chiyero cha miyeso
Kupititsa patsogolo chiyero cha chitsulo chiyenera kukhala muzitsulo mu crystallizer isanayambe, kuchokera ku ndondomeko kuti muchepetse kuipitsidwa kwa chitsulo, ndi kuonjezera zophatikizidwa ndi zitsulo zosaphatikizidwa.Kuti izi zitheke, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa.
a, Palibe slag kuchokera chitsulo: Converter ayenera kutsekereza slag mu chitsulo, ng'anjo magetsi ntchito eccentric ng'anjo pansi zitsulo, kuteteza slag mu zitsulo ladle kapena zitsulo ndowa, thanki.
b, Malinga ndi zosowa za kalasi zitsulo kusankha yoyenera kuyenga mankhwala kwa zitsulo koyera, kusintha morphology wa inclusions.
C. Landirani ukadaulo wothira wopanda okosijeni.Pambuyo poyeretsa mankhwala, mpweya wa okosijeni wachitsulo chosungunula wachepetsedwa kukhala osachepera 20 × 10-6;mu ladle zitsulo → thanki yapakatikati → crystallizer amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza kuthira;thanki yapakatikati pogwiritsa ntchito wosanjikiza wapawiri wa slag chophimba wothandizila, chitsulo amadzipatula mlengalenga kupewa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wachiwiri wa chitsulo chosungunuka.
d.Perekani sewero lathunthu pa ntchito ya intermediate tank metallurgical purifier.Kugwiritsa ntchito kuwomba Ar kusonkhezera, kusintha kayendedwe ka chitsulo, kuchotsa malo akufa a thanki yapakatikati;kuwonjezera mphamvu ya thanki yapakatikati ndikuzama kuya kwa dziwe losungunuka, kukulitsa nthawi yokhalamo chitsulo chosungunuka mu thanki yapakatikati, kulimbikitsa kuyandama kwa inclusions, ndikuyeretsanso chitsulo chosungunuka.
f, makina opitilira aponyera amagwiritsa ntchito kukana kwakukulu, kutayika kwa sungunula ndikocheperako, zida zapamwamba zokanira kuti zichepetse zophatikizika muzitsulo.
g, Perekani sewero lathunthu pa ntchito ya crystallizer yosungunula zitsulo zoyeretsera ndi billet pamwamba quality controller.Chophimba chomizidwa chosankhidwa chiyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe otseguka omveka ndi ngodya, kuwongolera kayendedwe ka mtsinje wa jekeseni, kulimbikitsa kulekanitsa kwa inclusions zoyandama;ndi kuthandizidwa ndi ntchito yabwino ya slag chitetezo, kuyamwa kusungunuka zoyandama inclusions kuyeretsedwa chitsulo chosungunuka.Komanso, crystallizer akhoza kudyetsedwa mu cored aloyi waya kukwaniritsa yaying'ono alloying mu crystallizer, amene osati bwino mayamwidwe mlingo wa aloyi, ndipo akhoza molondola kulamulira zikuchokera chitsulo chosungunula, kusintha dongosolo solidification, kusintha morphology ya inclusions, yomwe imathandizira kukonza ndi kuyeretsa chitsulo.
h.Tekinoloje ya electromagnetic yosonkhezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kayendedwe ka mtsinje wa jakisoni.Mawerengedwe amanena kuti mu malo malo amodzi, wamkulu kuposa 1mm slag particles akuyandama liwiro za 100 ~ 200cm / s;ndi jekeseni ikuyenda kutsika kuthamanga kwa 60 ~ 10cm / s;looneka crystallizer madzi gawo patsekeke mkati mwa jekeseni otaya otaya chingwe m'dera zotsatira inclusions zoyandama zovuta;zina zophatikizika zimatha kugwidwa ndi kulimba kwa dendrite.
Ndipotu, mu kuponyedwa billet pamwamba m'munsimu 10 ~ 20cm zambiri inclusions apamwamba.Kuyika kwa mabuleki a electromagnetic kumatha kulepheretsa kuyenda kwa jakisoni, kulimbikitsa kuyandama kwa ma inclusions ndikuwongolera chiyero chachitsulo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-23-2022