1, Ubumsulwa kanye nekhwalithi yobudlelwano
Ukuhlanzeka kubhekisela enanini, ifomu kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokufakwa okungeyona insimbi ensimbi.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-die casting,umshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayoizixhumanisi zenqubo, isikhathi sokuthulula side, ngakho-ke ukufakwa kwemithombo eminingi, ukubunjwa nakho kuyinkimbinkimbi;okufakiwe okuvela ku-crystallizer liquid phase cavity entanta nzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi isivinini sokudweba esiphezulu se-billet inclusions okunzima kakhulu ukuyikhipha.Ukuba khona kwe-inclusions kubhubhisa ukuqhubeka nokushuba kwe-matrix yensimbi.Okukhulu kuno-50μm okufakiwe okukhulu kuvame ukuhambisana nokuqhekeka, okuholela ezikhathini eziphansi ukwakheka kwe-billet eqhubekayo yokuphonsa kwehlulekile, i-plate delamination, kanye nokulimala ebusweni bensimbi egoqiwe ebandayo, njll., insimbi iyingozi kakhulu.Ubukhulu, ukuma kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-inclusions ngekhwalithi yensimbi nakho kuhlukile, uma ukufakwa kuncane, kuyindilinga, ukusabalaliswa kokusabalalisa, umthelela wekhwalithi yensimbi kunokugxila kokuba khona okuncane;lapho ukufakwa kukukhulu, ukusatshalaliswa kwengozi, nakuba inani elincane kodwa futhi eliyingozi kakhulu kukhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Isibonelo: kusukela ekuhlolweni kwepuleti lensimbi elidonsa ngokujulile kutholwe ukuthi imifantu ikhona ku-100 ~ 300μm okungajwayelekile kwe-CaO-Al2O3 kanye ne-Al2O3 ye-heterometallic inclusions enkulu.
Isibonelo, ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-Al2O3 inclusions ngaphansi kwesikhumba se-billet eqhubekayo yokuphonsa, egoqwe ebusweni beshidi lezimoto elinokulimala komugqa omnyama, okuholela ekwehleni okungalungile kweshidi.
Zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukupakisha ipuleti le-tin-plated, ngaphezu kwezidingo zokusebenza okubanda okuphezulu, usayizi nenani lokufakiwe nakho kunezidingo ezihambisanayo.Ngobukhulu bepuleti lensimbi elincanyana elingu-0.3mm, endaweni engu-1m2, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezingaphansi kuka-50μm ezifakwayo kufanele zibe ngaphansi kuka-5, ukuze kuzuzwe isilinganiso se-scrap esingu-0.05% noma ngaphansi, okungukuthi, ukubhoboza okujulile kwamathini angama-DI angu-2000, flat ngaphansi kuka-1 scrap.Ngakho-ke bona ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukunciphisa inani lokufakwa kuamabhilidi asakazayo aqhubekayoukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yensimbi yeshidi elidonsa ngokujulile.
Ngocingo lwensimbi olucoliseke kakhulu (njengocingo lwensimbi oluyithayi elingu-0.01 ~ 0.25mm) kanye nepuleti lensimbi elincanyana kakhulu (elifana nogqinsi lwepuleti le-tin-plated elingu-0.025mm), usayizi wokufakiwe oqukethwe kuyo uyizidingo eziqine nakakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu kanye nenani lokufakwa kwekhwalithi yensimbi kanye nomthelela wendawo ethile ye-billet cast.I-slab evamile neyunithi ye-billet ubude besilinganiso sendawo (S) nevolumu (V) ku-0.2 ~ 0.8.Ngokuthuthukiswa kwepuleti elincane kanye nobuchwepheshe bemicu emincane, i-S / V ifika ku-10 ~ 50, uma ukufakwa okufanayo kunsimbi, ipuleti elincane kanye nensimbi emincane emincane, kusho ukuthi ukufakwa eduze nendawo ye-cast billet, kukhulu umthelela ekukhiqizeni ikhwalithi yepuleti elincane.Ngakho ukunciphisa inclusions ensimbi kubaluleke kakhulu.
2, Ukwenza ngcono ukuhlanzeka kwezinyathelo
Thuthukisa ukuhlanzeka kwensimbi kufanele kube sensimbi ku-crystallizer ngaphambili, kusukela kunqubo yokunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwensimbi, futhi kwandiswe okufakiwe okuvela ensimbi engafakiwe.Ukuze kufezeke lokhu, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo.
a, Ayikho i-slag ephuma ensimbi: isiguquli kufanele sivimbe i-slag ngensimbi, isithando somlilo sikagesi sisebenzisa isithando somlilo esiyi-eccentric ngaphansi kwensimbi, ukuvimbela i-slag ku-ladle yensimbi noma ibhakede lensimbi, ithangi.
b, Ngokwezidingo zebanga lensimbi ukukhetha ukwelashwa okufanele kokucwenga ensimbi ehlanzekile, thuthukisa i-morphology ye-inclusions.
C. Yamukela ubuchwepheshe bokuthela obungenayo i-oxidation.Ngemva kokucwenga ukwelashwa, okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen yensimbi encibilikisiwe kuye kwancishiswa ngaphansi kwe-20 × 10-6;ku-ladle yensimbi → ithangi eliphakathi → i-crystallizer isetshenziselwa ukuvikela ukuthululwa;ithangi eliphakathi lisebenzisa ungqimba oluphindwe kabili lwe-ejenti yokumboza i-slag, insimbi ihlukaniswe emoyeni ukuze igweme i-oxidation yesibili yensimbi encibilikisiwe.
d.Nikeza ukudlala okugcwele endimeni yesihlanzi se-metallurgical ithangi.Ukusetshenziswa kokuphefumula kwe-Ar, ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwensimbi, ukususa indawo efile yethangi eliphakathi;ukwandisa umthamo wethangi eliphakathi futhi ujulise ukujula kwechibi elincibilikayo, wandise isikhathi sokuhlala kwensimbi encibilikisiwe ethangini eliphakathi, ukhuthaze ukuntanta kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe, futhi uqhubeke nokuhlanza insimbi encibilikisiwe.
f, Uhlelo oluqhubekayo lomshini wokuphonsa lusebenzisa i-refractoriness ephezulu, ukulahlekelwa kwe-ncibilika kuncane, izinto eziphikisayo zekhwalithi ephezulu ukunciphisa ukufakwa ensimbi.
g, Nikeza ukudlala okugcwele endimeni yesihlanzi sensimbi encibilikisiwe ecwebezelayo nesilawuli sekhwalithi ye-billet.I-spout yokucwilisa ekhethiwe kufanele ibe nesimo sokuvula esinengqondo kanye ne-engeli, ilawule ukunyakaza komjovo, ukuze ikhuthaze ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto ezifakiwe ezintantayo;futhi kuhambisane nokusebenza kahle kwe-slag yokuvikela, ukumunca okuhlanganisiwe okuncibilikisiwe okuntantayo okuhlanzekile kwensimbi encibilikisiwe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-crystallizer ingaphinde ifakwe ku-cored alloy wire ukuze kuzuzwe i-micro-alloying ku-crystallizer, engathuthukisi kuphela izinga lokumuncwa kwe-alloy, futhi ingakwazi ukulawula ngokunembile ukwakheka kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, ilungise isakhiwo sokuqina, ngcono i-morphology of inclusions, okulungele ukuthuthukisa nokuhlanza izinga lensimbi.
h.Ubuchwepheshe bokushukumisa i-electromagnetic busetshenziselwa ukulawula ukunyakaza komjovo.Izibalo zikhomba ukuthi esimweni esimile, izinhlayiya ze-slag ezingaphezu kuka-1mm ezintantayo ezingaba ngu-100 ~ 200cm / s;kanye nokugeleza komjovo ukuya phansi ngesivinini sokugeleza okungu-60 ~ 10cm / s;ebonakalayo crystallizer liquid isigaba umgodi ngaphakathi umjovo flow flow strand nomthelela endaweni inclusions ezintantayo kunzima;okunye okufakiwe kungenzeka kubanjwe ukuqina kwe-dendrite.
Eqinisweni, ku-cast billet surface ngezansi kwe-10 ~ 20cm ngokuvamile ukufakwa okuphezulu.Ukufakwa kwamabhuleki kagesi kungavimbela ukunyakaza kokugeleza komjovo, kukhuthaze ukuntanta kokufakwayo futhi kuthuthukise ubumsulwa bensimbi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-23-2022